红豆草组织培养物的超低温保存及其超微结构的观察

红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.)组织培养物在5%DMSO+10%甘油+8%蔗糖的冰冻保护剂及以1℃/分钟的速度降温到-35—-40℃,停留2小时后,投入液氮,40℃水浴快速化冻等条件下,存活率达60—70%,并保持了高的分化能力。电子显微镜的观察结果表明,快速冰冻和1℃/分钟慢速冰冻至-35℃—40℃不停留,对细胞结构造成严重的致死性破坏;-35℃停留30分钟对细胞结构的损伤是可逆性的;停留2小时的其超微结构基本上与对照材料无明显差别。     

龟鳖类锥虫两新种（动体目：锥体科）

龟鳖类锥虫的研究,国内外均比较少。本文记述了在中华鳖和乌龟血液中发现的两新种,鳖锥虫和龟锥虫。这是国内首次对龟鳖类锥虫研究的报道。     

金线鲃属鱼类一新种(鲤形目:鲤科)

作者于1986年6月在贵州盘县一溶洞的水体中采到金线鲃属鱼类一新种,命名为角金线鲃,新种Sinocyclocheilus angularis sp. nov.。本新种形状怪异,头背缘末端具一朝前的角状突,其内有顶骨突;眼正常;侧线鳞明显;鳔后室发达等特征而易与金线鲃属其他种相区别。     

国产磨芋属的染色体核型报道(1)

本文报道了磨芋属(Amorphophallus Blume)六个种的染色体数目和核型,其中5个种属于首次报道。其核型公式如下: 1.滇磨芋 K(2n)=2x=26=26m.2.磨芋 K(2n)=2x=26=26m.3.攸落磨芋K(2n)=2x=26=22m(2SAT)+4sm.(2SAT).4.西盟磨芋 K(2n)=2x=26=20m+4sm+2st.5.勐海磨芋 K(2n)=2x=26=22m+4sm.6.白磨芋 K(2n)=2x=26=20m(2SAT)+6sm。     

坛紫菜原生质体的发育研究

用2％的海螺酶和1％的纤维素酶混合,将坛紫菜叶状体的4种不同细胞类型即:营养细胞、根丝细胞、精子囊和果孢子囊,分别解离成原生质体,并研究了这些不同部位和不同生长时期。细胞的生长、发育途径。由根丝细胞分离的原生质体能长成新的叶状体;由早期中部营养细胞分离的原生质体,有70％长成新的叶状体,其余的发育成精子囊和果孢子囊。再生叶状体在室内培养,能正常成熟。由精子囊和果孢子囊分离的原生质体,即精子细胞和果孢子细胞不能再生叶状体。前者形成新的精子囊放散精子,后者形成新的果孢子囊,放散果孢子发育成丝状体。晚期紫菜与早期紫菜比较,再生叶状体的数量显著减少,而发育成精子囊和果孢子囊的数量则大大增多。     

镉对雄性小鼠生精细胞的影响

为了研究镉对小鼠生殖力和生精细胞的作用,本文对氯化镉处理后的雄性小鼠进行了交配实验,以观察其对怀孕率、每窝产仔数及子代性比的影响。测定比较了注射镉后,小鼠成熟精子的总LDH酶和LDH-X酶的活性;还用双向电泳方法分析了成熟精子的蛋白质变化。结果表明,处理组在怀孕率、每窝产仔数及子代性比方面无统计学意义的差异。成熟精子的总LDH活性经镉处理后未发现明显变化,但镉能显著地抑制与精子运动的能量有关的LDH-X酶的活性。双向电泳图谱表示,镉处理后,精子中含量较少的三组蛋白质或消失不见,或发生明显变化。     

不同科属来源的六株Frankia代表菌株碳源利用谱的研究

对来自赤杨属、木麻黄属、异木麻黄属、沙棘属和杨梅属的六株Frankia代表菌株进行了二十四种碳源利用谱的比较研究(包括简单有机酸、单糖、双糖、三糖和糖醇在内)。结果表明,各菌株在碳源利用种类和程度上有明显差异;简单有机酸盐特别是丙酸钠是所有菌株的良好碳源;菌株Cc01、A11I1和Hr16还能很好地利用丙酮酸钠;除了菌株Hr16能很好地利用纤维二糖,菌株A11I1利用葡萄糖外;糖醇类很少被利用。如果以丙酮酸钠、丙酸钠和乙酸为“诊断性”碳源,则可以将供试菌株分为三个类群,即赤杨——杨梅类群、沙棘类群和木麻黄类群;这与交叉接种和血清学方法得出的结论相吻合。     

赤(瓜包)亚族植物叶片中脉的比较解剖

本文对赤(瓜包)属(Thladiantha Bunge)、白兼果属(Baijiana A.M.Lu et J.Q.Li)和苦瓜属(Momordica L.)共11种植物叶片中脉进行了比较解剖学研究。除苦瓜属一种外,其余10种的叶片中脉解剖学资料均为首次报道。分析结果表明:叶片中脉维管束的数目以及排列方式具有分类学意义,而种间和种内维管束数目的减少,在一定程度上反映出植物迁移和演化的方向。     

Comparative analysis of glycoprotein and glycolipid composition of virulent and avirulent strain membranes ofMycoplasma hyopneumoniae

The glycoproteins and glycolipids from membranes of virulent strain Z and avirulent strain M ofMycoplasma hyopneumoniae have been compared. The proteins and the glycoproteins were identified by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and concanavalin A-biotin labeling, respectively. The membrane preparation contained approximately 34 protein bands with molecular weights between 20 KD and 100 KD. The concanavalin A-biotin system reacted with a glycoprotein of a molecular weight of approximately 28,000 from avirulent strain M and did not react with the correspondent band from virulent strain Z. The membrane glycolipids of both strains consisted of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG), and the percentages of 160, 180, and 181 fatty acids comprised more than 80% of the total fatty acids of membrane glycolipids. The 180 fatty acid of MGDG in avirulent strain M was twofold higher than that of virulent strain Z.     

Monoclonal Antibodies against Apple 1-Aminocyclopropane-l-Carboxylate Synthase

1-Aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylate (ACC) synthase from applefruits was purified over 5,000-fold by conventional column chromatography.By immunizing mice with this partially purified enzyme preparation,8 hybridoma lines producing monoclonal antibodies against appleACC synthase were isolated. While all 8 clones immunoprecipitatednative ACC synthase, only two clones recognized the putative(48 kDa) ACC synthase on Western blots. When a partially purifiedACC synthase preparation was incubated with S-adenosyl-L-[carboxyl-¹⁴C]methionine(AdoMet), only one radioactive protein of 48 kDa was detectedon sodium dodecyl sulfate-poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis.This radioactive protein was specifically immunoprecipitatedby the monoclonal antibodies, indicating that apple ACC synthaseis specifically radiolabeled by its substrate AdoMet, as istomato ACC synthase. Thus, the monoclonal antibodies recognizedboth native and AdoMet-inactivated forms of ACC synthase. Whilethese antibodies failed to im-munoprecipitate ACC synthase isolatedfrom ripe tomato fruits, ripe avocado fruits or auxin-treatedmungbean hypocotyls, they were effective in immunoprecipitatingthe enzyme isolated from ripe pear fruits. (Received August 11, 1990; Accepted October 17, 1990)